Memory Management in JavaScript

JavaScript automatically manages memory through garbage collection, which frees memory occupied by objects that are no longer accessible.

Avoiding Memory Leaks

Memory leaks occur when variables or objects are unintentionally retained in memory.

Common Causes:

• Timers or event listeners that are not properly cleared
• Global variables holding onto large objects
• Closures capturing variables longer than necessary

Example: Closure and Memory

A closure keeps references to variables, which can affect memory if not managed carefully.

function createCounter() {
  let count = 0;
  return function() {
    count++;
    return count;
  };
}
const counter = createCounter();
console.log(counter()); // 1
console.log(counter()); // 2

Performance Optimization Tips

• Reduce DOM manipulations
• Cache values and DOM queries
• Use efficient loops and algorithms

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